Kerberoasting

September 06, 2021 Post a Comment

Kerberoasting belongs to the post-exploitation or post-compromise phase of an attack which focuses on gaining further access to additional targets using privilege escalation and similar lateral movement techniques. Depending on the strength of the passwords an attacker can quickly gain access to multiple accounts and then use them to launch additional attacks and collect data.

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This is very common attack in red team engagements since it doesnt require any interaction with the service as legitimate active directory access can be used to request and export the service ticket.

Kerberoasting. Kerberoasting is one of the most common. Kerberoasting Threat Hunting for Active Directory Attacks. 23 Comments Powershell November 1 2016.

A user is allowed to request a ticket-granting service TGS ticket for any SPN and parts of the TGS may be encrypted with the with RC4 using the password hash of the service account assigned the requested. The process of cracking Kerberos service tickets and rewriting them in order to gain access to the targeted service is called Kerberoast. Request for TGS ticket for discovered SPN using Mimikatz or any other tool.

Kerberoasting Without Mimikatz. Kerberoasting is an efficient technique for hackers who have limited rights within a domain. Organizations rely on Active Directory AD services to make policy configurations user management and permissions easy to manage.

As penetration testers we regularly use this attack vector during engagements and are generally successful in doing so. A common setup where you might find this vulnerability is where a service account has been set up for Microsoft SQL Server. We can create service principal names like so.

You do need to reverse any collected hashes but its well worth attempting the process because service accounts are commonly part of the domain administrative DA enterprise administrative EA or local administrator group. Kerberoasting remains a popular attack method and heavily discussed security issue but the effects of a successful Kerberoasting attack are real. This attack is multiple steps process as given below.

Just about two years ago Tim Medin presented a new attack technique he christened Kerberoasting. Kerberoasting results in you collecting a list of service accounts along with their correlating password hashes from a local domain controller DC. Kerberoasting abuses traits of the Kerberos protocol to harvest password hashes for Active Directory user accounts with servicePrincipalName SPN values ie.

Kerberoasting is a technique that allows an attacker to steal the KRB_TGS ticket to brute force application services hash to extract its password. This attack is effective since people tend to create poor passwords. If an attacker had a single valid user account and password they could pull down the SPN tickets and attempt to crack them offline.

Kerberoasting is used by attackers to escalate privileges once they gain initial access to an internal network. Kerberoasting attacks abuse the Kerberos Ticket Granting Service TGS to gain access to accounts typically targeting domain accounts for lateral movement. Although dont confuse this attack with the similarly named ASREP Roasting.

This attack was named Kerberoasting. To do this the attacker will usually try to infect a privileged users computer with malware in order to extract credentials often via phishing or by exploiting some other vulnerability. If you got a valid domain user you may just ask the KDC to issue you a valid TGS for any service.

Access the Client system of the domain network by Hook or Crook. As with any Kerberoasting attack the attacker must first gain access to a legitimate user account with elevated privileges which has access to a Domain Controller DC. Kerberoasting your way in.

Lets take a look at some background information on the Kerberos. Discover or scan the registered SPN. While we didnt realize the full implications of this at the time of release this attack technique has been a bit of a game changer for us on engagements.

This attack is commonly called Kerberoasting. Kerberoasting like BloodHound attacks is a technique for stealing credentials used by both red teams and attackers. Kerberoasting can be an effective method for extracting service account credentials from Active Dire c tory as a regular user.

Kerberoasting Major Steps. However this also makes AD a primary target for adversaries given it is often the key to the kingdom. Creating a service principal name requires the setspnexe tool.

Kerberoasting can be an effective method for extracting service account credentials from Active Directory as a regular user without sending any packets to the target system. Kerberoasting Creating SPNs. Make sure your security team is aware of common Kerberoasting risks and strategies along with the tools and alerts Azure ATP offers to help protect your domain.

Adversaries may abuse a valid Kerberos ticket-granting ticket TGT or sniff network traffic to obtain a ticket-granting service TGS ticket that may be vulnerable to Brute Force. In 2016 several blog posts and articles were published around polling Service Principal Name SPN accounts and the associated tickets.

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